Critical Review III to Standardize the Textbooks of Fundamentals of Nursing: Nutrition, Urinary and Bowel Elimination Needs / 기본간호학회지

Purpose@#To identify the discrepancies in the textbook of fundamentals of nursing in nutrition and elimination needs in terms of number, range, definition and etc. @*Methods@#The 10 textbooks which are the most frequently used were selected and reviewed. After then compared it with the protocols of essential nursing skills of Korean Accreditation Board of Nursing Education and evidence-based clinical nursing practice guidelines of Korean Hospital Nurses’ Association. @*Results@#The most significant discrepancies in nutrition domain were criteria of obesity, confirmation of nasogastric tube placement. In elimination domain, there were several mixed or miss uses of French and number unit in catheter size. And appropriate catheter size for urinary catheterization and enema is different to books and guidelines. @*Conclusion@#In order to conduct an effective resource in education of nursing, textbooks need to be revised constantly and contain the recent researches and guidelines.

A Survey on Undergraduate Nursing Students Safety during Fundamentals of Nursing Practicum / 기본간호학회지

Purpose@#This study was done to investigate the experience of physical and emotional safety in nursing students during fundamentals of nursing practicum. @*Methods@#A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September 2019. A total of 553 nursing students, who had completed fundamental nursing laboratories, participated in this study. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires which included questions about general characteristics, physical and emotional safety during fundamental nursing laboratories along with an informed consent given prior to the practicum. @*Results@#Of the students, 26 experienced physical safety accidents, and 18 reported emotional safety accidents. Students' mean stress score for physical safety was 1.95, and the mean score for emotional safety was 1.92. Of the students, more than 59.1% agreed to volunteer as practice models in certain nursing procedures’ training. Of the students, 55.8% were satisfied with using their bodies to train fundamental nursing skills. 61.8% of students reported that informed consent was obtained during the nursing laboratory, and 88.6% of students thought that informed consent needs to be obtained. @*Conclusion@#To prevent safety accidents during the fundamentals of nursing practicum and systematically manage accidents, standardized safety guidelines for nursing practicum should be developed. Establishing various training strategies using advanced models or simulators to increase education efficiency and satisfaction is necessary.

A Survey on Safety of Fundamentals of Nursing Practicum in Korea / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety of nursing students during fundamentals of nursing practicum in Korea. METHODS: This study used a descriptive design. A total of 106 nursing instructors teaching fundamentals of nursing longer than one year participated in this study. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from July 24 to August 28, 2018. The questionnaires consisted of general characteristics, characteristics of fundamentals of nursing course, physical and emotional safety issues during fundamentals of nursing practicum, and obtaining an informed consent prior to practicum. RESULTS: The average number of physical safety accidents during practicum of fundamentals of nursing in the past 5 years was 1.12±2.44. The most common safety accident was punctured wound. The mean score of the participants' stress on physical safety accidents was 3.53±1.12 out of 5. The average number of emotional safety accidents of fundamentals of nursing practicum in the past 5 years was 1.05±2.72. The mean score of stress on emotional safety accident was 3.00±1.09 out of 5. We found that 47.2% of the participants obtained an oral consent or a written consent for safety of fundamentals of nursing practicum. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to establish safety strategies for fundamentals of nursing practicum for nursing students.

Clinical Competence according to Experiences on the Essential of Fundamental Nursing Skills in Nursing Students / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of experiences on the essential of fundamental nursing skills (EFNS) on clinical competence in nursing students. METHOD: The data was collected using a questionnaire from 233 students who completed the 2nd grade courses of nursing curricula in college. Data was analyzed using the SPSS program. RESULTS: Only 3 items of EFNS showed that over 70% of the students had performed, and 12 items showed that under 30% of the students had performed. There are significant differences with level of experiences on EFNS and the clinical competence. The regression model explained 2.4% of clinical competence. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that nursing students with higher level of experiences on EFNS will have a higher level of clinical competence. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies for a more effective clinical nursing education to experience more EFNSs.

A Philtral Reconstruction and the Correction of Alar Base Depression Using a Transposition of the Orbicularis Oris Muscle Flap In Secondary Cleft Lip Repair

The philtrum of the upper lip is important to the facial contour and general appearance of individuals. In patients who have undergone cleft lip surgery, reconstruction of the philtrum is important in restoring the normal appearance of the upper lip and it also helps in diverting people`s attention away from the surgical scar. Several methods of philtral dimple creation have been used, but the postoperative results have not always been satisfactory. Between 1991 and 1997, reconstruction of the philtrum with unilateral cleft nasal deformity was performed in 43 patients, transposing the orbicularis oris muscle of the central upper lip to the depressed alar base. Using this method, efforts were made to achieve reconstruction of the philtrum and correction of alar base depression simultaneously. The results were rated good to excellent by a panel of judges using the ordinary scale method. Although reconstruction of the philtral dimple and correction of the depressed alar base were very successful, reconstruction of philtral column(especially the upper portion) was not satisfactory. Therefore, other procedures such as temporal fascial grafts in the upper portion of the philtral column should also be considered at the time of primary surgery or revisional surgery.

Columellar advancement with porous polyethylene sheet columellar strut and dorsal augmentation wit silicone implant

The nasal tip of the Asian is characterized by a bulbous appearance due to thick and tense skin. flaring of nostrils, and a short nasal tip projection due to underdevelopment of alar cartilages and retruded columella. Conventional augmentation rhinoplasty using silicone implant which has been routinely performed at the Asian nose has its limitations. Over the past 2 years, a total 33 patients, aged 19 to 47 years(mean 29 years) underwent open rhinoplasty to correct columellar retraction, to lengthen the nose and to improve the appearance of the nasal tip using columellar strut in conjunction with augmentation with silicone dorsal implant. The columellar strut for control of columellar shape is optimally constructed from 0.85 mm thickness porous polyethylene(Medpor)sheet. The columellar strut is placed between the medical crura and fixed to the caudal septum. With the strut stabilized, each medial crus is advanced to the desired position. The fixation sutures are placed at 3 points: the dormal segment of the middle crus, the junction of the middle and medial crus, and the junction of the columellar segment and the footplate segment of the medial crus of the alar cartilage. Twenty-five surface measurements based on the works of Farkas included 9 singles and 5 paired lengths, and 3 angles indirectly taken from the surface of the nasal stone model. The preoperative measurements were compared with those of the postoperative. The mean follow up period was 17 months(15-24 months). The analysis of the results was conducted using Wilcoxan matched-pairs signed-ranks test.The nose length, the nasal tip protrusion, the alar length, the alar half arc, the columellar length, the nostril length, and the alar rim-columellar length were significantly increased. The intercanthal distance, the nose width, the nostril width, and the upper lip length were significantly decreased. The nasolabial angle was also significantly increased. Good to excellent asethetic results were noted in all patient, although one patient did experience mild deviation of a columella. No extrusions occurred. Using the control columellar polyethlene strut, the retracted columella was advanced, the tip was projected, the nose was lengthened, and the nostril were narrowed and elongated. This technique is valuable in the rhinoplasty patient was has retracted columellar, short nose and long upper lip.

Epitec system: an indirect osseointegration for the ear prosthesis anchorage

Osseointegrated alloplastic ear reconstruction has revolutionized ear prosthetic retention. In this report, we evaluate the results of indirect osseointegration using the Epitec system and discuss the degree of the most serious side effect of this system, the adverse skin reactions close to osseointegrated implant post. During a three year period, Osseointegrated prosthetic ear reconstruction was performed to twenty eight patients with microtia(n = 25) and traumatic ear loss(n = 3), 22 males and 6 females aged from 6 to 43 years(mean 18.2 years). The patients, including 12 children, were treated with 58 titanium implant posts of Epitec system. These were inserted into a 3-dimensional carrier-plate which were fixed to the mastoid process with 7 to 12(mean 9.2) screws. Each patient was operated in a one-stage procedure. Two months of osseointegration of the screws was followed by fabrication of the ear prostheses. All implants were stable after follow-up at 20 to 31 months(mean 24.6 months). Fifty four of the 58 implants showed no sign of skin reactions (93.1 percent: 83.3 percent for children; 100 percent for adult). Hypertrophy of soft tissue surrounding the implants were observed only in children(2 out of 12 treated children) and did not recur after subcutaneous reduction and compressive dressing.In adults, the results of the Epitec system are very satisfactory. Use of the Epitec system in children is also promising because hypertrophy of soft tissue surrounding the implants are successfully managed. In addition, the 3-dimensional carrier-plate is well osseointegrated with bone screws and stability of the carrier-plate is reinforced by osseous covering of the thin bars of the carrier-plate by appositional bone growth of the skull.

Reconstruction of orbital blowout fracture using porous polyethylene sheet(medpor)

A retrospective study was performed on 64 patients who underwent orbital blow-out fracture reconstruction with autogenous or Medpor implant following blunt facial trauma between 1992 and 1997. Hospital records were reviewed especially for preoperative and postoperative diplopia, enopthalmos and extraocular muscle movement limitations between the autogenous material group and Medpor implant group. The autogenous material used was mostly conchal cartilage graft. The average follow-up period was 36 months with a range of 5 to 64 months. There was no significant statistical difference between both groups on incidence of postoperative complications of diplopia, enophthalmos and extraocular muscle movement limitations. Postoperative infection, ectropion, implant extrusion and migration were absent in both groups. The use of Medpor implant for orbital blow-out fracture reconstruction was associated with a low incidence of complication. In addition, the Medpor implant is readily available, easy to use, cut, contour, position, fixate and has no potential for graft resorption, and precludes the need to harvest an autogeneous graft. In conclusion, Medpor is a stable and reliable substitute for autogeneous graft reconstruction of the orbital blow-out fracture.